Lake View
is one of the 77 Chicago Communities
from Chicago Neighborhoods
This post tells about how 'community areas' were
established by academics on the behalf of the City of Chicago. Community Areas are fix entities adopted by the City of Chicago by 1930. Neighborhoods on the other hand are fluid areas that are located within the community itself. In order
words, neighborhoods can come and go based on a real estate marketing idea of the day but
community areas will always remain as part of the fabric of Chicago until the City Council votes for another version.
by MapBook Community Areas.pdf
A List of North-side Communities
including the neighborhoods within
image below - The Chicago 77
After the annexation of the City of Lake View in 1889 until the late 1920's the
former city was referred as the District of Lake View. By
1930, 'community areas' were established by the Chicago City Council. Lake View's geographic area was reduced to
its current size as one of original 75 neighborhoods in Chicago
- two more
were formed later in that century.
A New City Model
of the Early 20th Century
the co-fathers of Chicago's 'community areas'
Communities began with a
University of Chicago Academic Study
The
Local Community Concept
Robert Park asserted that the city represented a new type
of community and, due to its large size, was comprised of many smaller
communities. The sociology students devoted much of their research effort to
the exploration of these smaller communities. Ernest Burgess spent decades
looking for a statistical basis for these local communities. The material at
hand was statistics for city blocks that came from the decennial U.S. Census.
The census aggregated those statistics to City Wards. Wards were not useful
sociological units; municipal government could re-draw ward boundaries from
time to time and furthermore, wards did not correspond with people's
communities. Burgess cooperated with the U.S Census Bureau as they created
Census Tracts, approximating neighborhoods. Using these new units, Burgess and
the students explored the city looking for the boundaries of local areas.
Eventually they divided Chicago into 75 Community Areas, each with its own
name. Over the years one of those areas was divided into two and O'Hare
International Airport was added to the city so now there are 77 Community
Areas. These areas have been absorbed into the city's traditions, so that now
they are used in real estate marketing, city administration, journalism, as
well as in social research. Demography, the study of population, was emerging
as a new science in the decade of the 1920s. Some population facts came from
the decennial U.S. Census and others from Chicago's Board of Health. Chicago
school sociologists used elementary population statistics such as birth and
death rates as tools with which to describe and analyze local communities. - University of Chicago Library
The Burgess Model
Zone I: Central Business District (called the
"loop" in Chicago) where most of the tertiary employment is located
and where the urban transport infrastructure is converging, making this zone
the most accessible.
Zone II: Immediately adjacent to the CBD a zone where
many industrial activities locate to take advantage of nearby labor and
markets. Further, most transport terminals, namely port sites and rail yards,
are located adjacent to the central area.
Zone III: This zone is gradually been reconverted to
other uses by expanding manufacturing / industrial activities. It contains the
poorest segment of the urban population, notably first generation immigrants
living, in the lowest housing conditions.
Zone IV: Residential zone dominated by the working class
and those who were able to move away from the previous zone (often second
generation immigrants). This zone has the advantage of being located near the
major zones of employment (I and II) and thus represents a low cost location
for the working class.
Zone V: Represents higher quality housing linked with
longer commuting costs.
Zone VI: Mainly high class and expensive housing in a
rural, suburbanized, setting. The commuting costs are the highest. Prior to
mass diffusion of the automobile (1930's), most of these settlements were
located next to rail stations.
text - University of Chicago Library
The Local Community Research Committee was established in
1923 with an initial grant of $21,000 from the Laura Spelman Rockefeller
Memorial. This grant was supported by subsequent annual direct and matching
grants amounting to nearly half a million dollars by 1931. In 1930, the LCRC
was renamed the Social Science Research Committee and Donald Slesinger was
brought from Yale University's Institute of Human Relations to become the
full-time Executive Secretary. Primary financial support for the Social Science
Research Committee came from the Rockefeller Foundation, which had absorbed the
Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial in 1929, from the Division of the Social
Sciences, and from the University's general research funds. – University ofChicago Social Science Study
and based on the 1930 census map
X marks Lake View
Another View of It
Chicago Community Areas were designed in the late 1920's by University of Chicago sociologists conducting urban research. These zones represented moderately a coherent social character across urban space at this generalized geographical scale. These so-called “community areas” have been widely used ever since as a convenient means of summarizing social and physical features of spatial units smaller than the city as a whole, with stable boundaries for the compilation of census data. From the beginning they only unevenly reflected the actual experience of community within the spaces, and over time many of them have become even less indicative of the perceptions of their residents, whose characteristics have shifted considerably due to migration. As ossified/rigid zones, they capture neither individual community identity nor the territorial reality of social groups. They still remain useful, however, as subdivisions of city space that may allow studies of change over time due to their fix boundaries.
The Naming the Community
of Lake View
According to these 1928 Chicago Daily Tribune articles
Lake View could have had another name!
Read the following 2 1928 articles
also in 1928 ...
The Initial 75 Neighborhood
Formations in 1929
map - unknown source
The Communities of Edgewater and
Mount Greenwood were added later
Neighborhood associations and block clubs - my next post, as well as chambers of commerce can oversee the growth and development of their own communities like Lake View and ideally form informational partnerships between city planners, developers, and residents, hence balance to the difference between social welfare of all from the private profit of a few.
Commercial Zoning Reform
in 1955
The Father of 'Community Area' Centrism:
Alderman Dick Simpson
Dick Simpson tried to localize government to particular community area and tried to establish a citizen assembly where by citzens decisions would be voiced, supported, and delivered by their alderman to the city council.
While Ernest Burgess is known as the father of the original 75 neighborhood structure, Dick Simpson is known as the father of localize neighborhood governance. He administered his ward - the 44th in accordance to his greed. He would conduct his neighborhood meetings like a grand town-hall where by citizens would for themselves (during debates) decided the future of their own ward, community, and own neighborhood. He called them
'Ward Assemblies'. The book below is part of my collection.
the structure
inwhich the alderman is one of the several components
to the Ward Assembly
His Story
part of my collection
The Neighborhoods
and it's Corridors Within:
The Community of Lake View have some popular neighborhoods within its borders two of which known national and international let alone within the City of Chicago. Most everyone has heard of Wrigleyville due the "friendly confines" of Wrigley Field. Wrigleyville is most likely a real esate marketer's idea for an area surrounding Wrigley Field probably hatched during the 1980's. Whatever happens to Wrigley Field happens to the residents surouning the baseball park.
Map of Wrigleyille & Boystown/North Halsted
photo - DNAinfo
Next, in my opinion, is Boystown/North Halsted. This small enclave is international known as the home of the LBGTQ+ community. It was once respectfully referred to by the 1980's as the 'gay ghetto'. It was widely known in the Mid-West as a 'safe place' to live and work in once domiant homophohic world.
The neighborhood of Lake View East must have been another real estate marketer's idea to separate incomes and class of the population in this area from the rest of Lake View. In the late 1960's to the early 1980's this area was known as New Town more than likely another real estate idea that failed to produce its desired effect - diversity. When I moved into Lake View East I was told by my building engineer, who moved there with his family in the mid 1970's, that if it was not for a grocey store called Treasure Island very few residents would cross Broadway to the west for fear of gangs and deemly lighted streets.
the neighborhood of Lake View East
map - Lake View East Chamber of Commerce
The two less known neighborhoods even within Lake View are Graceland West and even a lesser degree South-East Ravenswood. Graceland West named after the cemetery to its east has a strong sense of community and has it own independent neighborhood association - not part of the Lake View Citizens Council.
the neighborhood of Graceland West West of Graceland West and west of Ashland Avenue to the Ravenswood Avenue is South-East Ravenswood. While the nieghborhood has more or less has the same character as its geographic neighbor such as large property lots and houses this neighborhood appears to lack the strong community spirit of its neighbor. This area gets its name from the former township/city of Lake View. The former Community of Ravenswood, which should have been included in the City of Chicago's 77 communities, was a vibrant entity in the former township/city only to be carved up into small areas such as the Community of Lincoln Square.
Other areas within Lake View worth mentioning are the 'corridors'.
The Southport (Avenue) Corridor has its own online news outlet and is the home of the Music Box and Mercury theaters.
Ravenswood Industrial Corridor spans the communities of Lake View, North Central, and Uptown currently referred to as Printer's Row 2.0. due to its strong niche of small, independent, and local manufacturers. The Sheridan Road Corridor is the most recent invention by developers and probably aided by the Roscoe Village/Lake View Chamber of Commerce. Its presence within the Lake View landscapge is still (2022) being realized to this blogger.
Moving to a
Particular Neighborhood?
These next two sections or this post is my 'connector' to my next post about Neighborhood Associations in Lake View
There are the five ways someone can get to know and get
comfortable with neighborhood you wish to visit or resident. According to Yo Chicago, a potential resident can do the following:
1. Walk around. This may sound pretty basic, but it is
essential. Go out at different times of day and night. In the morning you will
meet the dog walkers and commuters. In the day (especially in the summer) you
will see the families out and about. At night, a walk will give you the feel
for the neighborhood after dark. If you are a dog owner, walking around at
night is a critical test. When you encounter people, ask them about the
neighborhood: how long they have lived there, where did they move from, if they
ever moved would they stay or move to a different area and why?
2. Eat in local restaurants. Find the place the neighbors
go for breakfast, lunch or dinner and go there. Sit at the counter and talk to
people. Find the best place for dinner and eat at the bar. Ask about
neighborhood things to do, schools, shopping, gyms, whatever you are into.
3. Do the numbers. Are you planning to stay in the
neighborhood for 3 years, 5 years, 10 years? What is the appreciation outlook?
If you moved would it make sense to keep the home and rent it? What are the
rents and the rental price trend for that neighborhood? Are you comfortable
with the value you are getting and the prospects for being able to sell it when
you want to?
4. Do the commute. Make sure to test drive the commute to
work or school at the time you typically go. Test a few different routes. There
is nothing like spoiling the feel of a new home than sitting in traffic forever
to get there.
5. Surf the web. There are tons of sites that can help
you investigate activities, crime statistics and demographics.
Building a Community
Post Note
This a good starter read on the 77 communities of Chicago.
This book is part of my collection.
Follow me to my next post called
Important Note:
These posts are exclusively used for educational
purposes. I do not wish to gain monetary profit from this blog nor should
anyone else without permission for the original source - thanks!
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Email me at lvhistorical@gmail.com